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      Operating SystemSegmentation & Virtual memory
      Difference between physical memory and virtual memory, also describe the advantages and disadvantages of virtual memory.
      CB, AME/AHE, 23 | AME/ANE/AE

      Physical Memory vs Virtual Memory

      AspectPhysical MemoryVirtual Memory
      DefinitionActual RAM installed in the computer; directly accessed by the CPU.Uses secondary storage (hard disk/SSD) as an extension of RAM.
      SpeedVery fastSlower due to disk access
      SizeLimited by installed RAMCan be much larger than physical memory
      CostMore expensiveCheaper because it uses disk space

      Advantages of Virtual Memory

      • Allows execution of large programs.
      • Better memory utilization.
      • Supports multiprogramming.
      • Reduces the need for large RAM.

      Disadvantages of Virtual Memory

      • Slower performance due to disk access.
      • Page faults may degrade performance.
      • Complex memory management.
      • Excessive use may cause thrashing.


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