Financial Report Council Bangladesh

Post: Assistant Programmer; Date: 10 May, 2024
Exam Taker: FRCB; Marks: Non:60; Tech:40
1.What is polymorphism in the context of OOP? Explain with example.

Polymorphism means “many forms”. In Object-Oriented Programming, it allows a single function, method, or object to behave differently depending on the object or input.

Concept: Same interface but different implementation. This helps to write flexible and reusable code.

Types:

  • Compile-time Polymorphism: Achieved by method overloading where multiple methods have the same name but different parameters.
  • Run-time Polymorphism: Achieved by method overriding where a child class provides its own implementation of a method.

Example:
A method draw() behaves differently for different objects:
Circle → draw circle
Rectangle → draw rectangle
Triangle → draw triangle

Benefit: Improves code reusability, flexibility, and reduces complexity.

Polymorphism শব্দের অর্থ “একাধিক রূপ”। OOP-এ এটি এমন একটি বৈশিষ্ট্য যেখানে একই function বা method বিভিন্ন object বা input অনুযায়ী ভিন্নভাবে কাজ করে।

Concept: একই interface কিন্তু ভিন্ন implementation। এটি code-কে flexible এবং reusable করে।

Types:

  • Compile-time Polymorphism: method overloading এর মাধ্যমে হয়, যেখানে একই নামের method ভিন্ন parameter নিয়ে কাজ করে।
  • Run-time Polymorphism: method overriding এর মাধ্যমে হয়, যেখানে child class নিজস্ব method implementation দেয়।

Example:
একটি draw() method বিভিন্ন object-এর জন্য ভিন্ন কাজ করে:
Circle → circle আঁকে
Rectangle → rectangle আঁকে
Triangle → triangle আঁকে

Benefit: Code reuse বাড়ায়, flexibility দেয় এবং complexity কমায়।

2. See the following relation and answer the following question.
Servers (ID, DaysRunning, OsName, RamCapacity);
a) Create table name Servers with attributes ID, DaysRunning, OsName, RamCapacity.
b) Write SQL query to update the server to Unix where the RamCapacity than 16GB.
c) Write SQL query to select the OsName for which Servers are running more than 365 days.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

// Function to calculate factorial
double factorial(int n) {
    double result = 1.0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        result *= i;
    }
    return result;
}

// Function to calculate sine using the series expansion
double sine_series(double x, int terms) {
    double sum = 0.0;
    for (int n = 0; n < terms; n++) {
        int sign = (n % 2 == 0) ? 1 : -1; // Alternating signs
        double term = pow(x, 2 * n + 1) / factorial(2 * n + 1);
        sum += sign * term;
    }
    return sum;
}

int main() {
    double x;
    int terms;

    // Input angle in radians and number of terms
    printf("Enter the value of x (in radians): ");
    scanf("%lf", &x);
    printf("Enter the number of terms: ");
    scanf("%d", &terms);

    // Calculate sine using the series expansion
    double result = sine_series(x, terms);

    // Output the result
    printf("The sine of %.2lf using %d terms is: %.6lf\n", x, terms, result);

    return 0;
}
3. Given an IP address: 212.15.180.0/24 and wants to divide into 16 subnet.
a) What will be the subnet mask and how many hosts belongs to every subnet.
b) What is the first and last address of first and last subnet address?

Given:
IP address = 212.15.180.0/24
Required subnets = 16

a) Subnet mask and hosts per subnet
To make 16 subnets, we need 4 subnet bits because 24 = 16.
So new prefix = /24 + 4 = /28
Subnet mask = 255.255.255.240
Host bits = 32 – 28 = 4
Total addresses per subnet = 24 = 16
Usable hosts per subnet = 16 – 2 = 14

b) First and last address of first and last subnet
Block size = 16, so subnet addresses increase by 16.

First subnet:
Network address = 212.15.180.0
First usable address = 212.15.180.1
Last usable address = 212.15.180.14
Broadcast address = 212.15.180.15

Last subnet:
Network address = 212.15.180.240
First usable address = 212.15.180.241
Last usable address = 212.15.180.254
Broadcast address = 212.15.180.255

4. What do you understand by database view? Write a simple example to create, update and drop a view.

Database View:
A view is a virtual table created from a SQL query. It does not store data physically; instead, it displays data from one or more tables.

Example:

1. Create View

CREATE VIEW emp_view AS
SELECT id, name, salary
FROM employee;

2. Update View

UPDATE emp_view
SET salary = 50000
WHERE id = 1;

3. Drop View

DROP VIEW emp_view;

Final Answer:
A view is a virtual table used to simplify queries and enhance security.

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